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Generate An Array Of All Object Keys With Object.keys



If there is an Javascript object:

Suppose, it has more than 50 properties, without knowing the property names (that’s without knowing the ‘keys’) how to get each property value in a loop?

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Depending on which browsers you have to support, this can be done in a number of ways. The overwhelming majority of browsers in the wild support ECMAScript 5 (ES5), but be warned that many of the examples below use Object.keys, which is not available in IE < 9. See the compatibility table.

If you have to support older versions of IE, then this is the option for you:

Mar 10, 2019  2. The Object.keys method returns an array of Object keys. This creates an array that contains the properties of the object. You can then loop through the array to get the keys.

The nested if makes sure that you don’t enumerate over properties in the prototype chain of the object (which is the behaviour you almost certainly want). You must use

rather than

because ECMAScript 5+ allows you to create prototypeless objects with Object.create(null), and these objects will not have the hasOwnProperty method. Naughty code might also produce objects which override the hasOwnProperty method.

You can use these methods in any browser that supports ECMAScript 5 and above. These get values from an object and avoid enumerating over the prototype chain. Where obj is your object:

If you want something a little more compact or you want to be careful with functions in loops, then Array.prototype.forEach is your friend:

The next method builds an array containing the values of an object. This is convenient for looping over.

Generate

If you want to make those using Object.keys safe against null (as for-in is), then you can do Object.keys(obj || {})...

Object.keys returns enumerable properties. For iterating over simple objects, this is usually sufficient. If you have something with non-enumerable properties that you need to work with, you may use Object.getOwnPropertyNames in place of Object.keys.

Arrays are easier to iterate with ECMAScript 2015. You can use this to your advantage when working with values one-by–one in a loop:

Using ECMAScript 2015 fat-arrow functions, mapping the object to an array of values becomes a one-liner:

ECMAScript 2015 introduces Symbol, instances of which may be used as property names. To get the symbols of an object to enumerate over, use Object.getOwnPropertySymbols (this function is why Symbolcan’t be used to make private properties). The new Reflect API from ECMAScript 2015 provides Reflect.ownKeys, which returns a list of property names (including non-enumerable ones) and symbols.

Array comprehensions (do not attempt to use)

Array comprehensions were removed from ECMAScript 6 before publication. Prior to their removal, a solution would have looked like:

ECMAScript 2016 adds features which do not impact this subject. The ECMAScript 2017 specification adds Object.values and Object.entries. Both return arrays (which will be surprising to some given the analogy with Array.entries). Object.values can be used as is or with a for-of loop.

If you want to use both the key and the value, then Object.entries is for you. It produces an array filled with [key, value] pairs. You can use this as is, or (note also the ECMAScript 2015 destructuring assignment) in a for-of loop:

Finally, as noted in the comments and by teh_senaus in another answer, it may be worth using one of these as a shim. Don’t worry, the following does not change the prototype, it just adds a method to Object (which is much less dangerous). Using fat-arrow functions, this can be done in one line too:

which you can now use like

If you want to avoid shimming when a native Object.values exists, then you can do:

Be aware of the browsers/versions you need to support. The above are correct where the methods or language features are implemented. For example, support for ECMAScript 2015 was switched off by default in V8 until recently, which powered browsers such as Chrome. Features from ECMAScript 2015 should be be avoided until the browsers you intend to support implement the features that you need. If you use babel to compile your code to ECMAScript 5, then you have access to all the features in this answer.

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Here’s a reusable function for getting the values into an array. It takes prototypes into account too.

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If you have access to underscore.js, you can use the _.values function like this:

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If you really want an array of Values, I find this cleaner than building an array with a for … in loop.

ECMA 5.1+

It’s worth noting that in most cases you don’t really need an array of values, it will be faster to do this:

This iterates over the keys of the Object o. In each iteration k is set to a key of o.

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Generate An Array Of All Object Keys With Object.keys Name

For those early adapting people on the CofeeScript era, here’s another equivalent for it.

Which may be better than this because the objects can be reduced to be typed again and decreased readability.

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Apparently – as I recently learned – this is the fastest way to do it:

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You can use this object-values component I wrote to get all object values.

Examples:

Here is how it works:

This MPM micro package can also do the trick.

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Here’s a function similar to PHP’s array_values()

Here’s how to get the object’s values if you’re using ES6 or higher:

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A much better approach is that you attach some function to the Object prototype so that you may get properties of every object on which you call upon properties().

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Generate An Array Of All Object Keys With Object.keys Money

Since , Object.values(<object>) will be built-in in ES7 &

Until waiting all browsers to support it , you could wrap it inside a function :

Then :

Once browsers become compatible with ES7, you will not have to change anything in your code.

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I realize I’m a little late but here’s a shim for the new firefox 47 Object.values method

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in ECMAScript5 use

Otherwise if you’re browser does not support it, use the well-known for.in loop

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Sorry for my old answer 😀

now i use dojotokit becouse older browser not suport (Object.values)

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out put :

[‘1’, ‘2’, ‘3’]
Answers:

use

and if you using google chrome open Console by using Ctrl+Shift+j

Goto >> Console

Tags: java, javascript, object

Table 9-40 shows the operators that are available for use with the two JSON data types (see Section 8.14).

Table 9-40. json and jsonb Operators

OperatorRight Operand TypeDescriptionExampleExample Result
->intGet JSON array element (indexed from zero, negative integers count from the end)'[{'a':'foo'},{'b':'bar'},{'c':'baz'}]'::json->2{'c':'baz'}
->textGet JSON object field by key'{'a': {'b':'foo'}}'::json->'a'{'b':'foo'}
->>intGet JSON array element as text'[1,2,3]'::json->>23
->>textGet JSON object field as text'{'a':1,'b':2}'::json->>'b'2
#>text[]Get JSON object at specified path'{'a': {'b':{'c': 'foo'}}}'::json#>'{a,b}'{'c': 'foo'}
#>>text[]Get JSON object at specified path as text'{'a':[1,2,3],'b':[4,5,6]}'::json#>>'{a,2}'3

Note: There are parallel variants of these operators for both the json and jsonb types. The field/element/path extraction operators return the same type as their left-hand input (either json or jsonb), except for those specified as returning text, which coerce the value to text. The field/element/path extraction operators return NULL, rather than failing, if the JSON input does not have the right structure to match the request; for example if no such element exists. The field/element/path extraction operators that accept integer JSON array subscripts all support negative subscripting from the end of arrays.

The standard comparison operators shown in Table 9-1 are available for jsonb, but not for json. They follow the ordering rules for B-tree operations outlined at Section 8.14.4.

Generate An Array Of All Object Keys With Object.keys Lines

Some further operators also exist only for jsonb, as shown in Table 9-41. Many of these operators can be indexed by jsonb operator classes. For a full description of jsonb containment and existence semantics, see Section 8.14.3. Section 8.14.4 describes how these operators can be used to effectively index jsonb data.

Table 9-41. Additional jsonb Operators

Generate An Array Of All Object Keys With Object.keys Time

OperatorRight Operand TypeDescriptionExample
@>jsonbDoes the left JSON value contain the right JSON path/value entries at the top level?'{'a':1, 'b':2}'::jsonb @> '{'b':2}'::jsonb
<@jsonbAre the left JSON path/value entries contained at the top level within the right JSON value?'{'b':2}'::jsonb <@ '{'a':1, 'b':2}'::jsonb
?textDoes the string exist as a top-level key within the JSON value?'{'a':1, 'b':2}'::jsonb ? 'b'
?|text[]Do any of these array strings exist as top-level keys?'{'a':1, 'b':2, 'c':3}'::jsonb ?| array['b', 'c']
?&text[]Do all of these array strings exist as top-level keys?'['a', 'b']'::jsonb ?& array['a', 'b']
||jsonbConcatenate two jsonb values into a new jsonb value'['a', 'b']'::jsonb || '['c', 'd']'::jsonb
-textDelete key/value pair or string element from left operand. Key/value pairs are matched based on their key value.'{'a': 'b'}'::jsonb - 'a'
-integerDelete the array element with specified index (Negative integers count from the end). Throws an error if top level container is not an array.'['a', 'b']'::jsonb - 1
#-text[]Delete the field or element with specified path (for JSON arrays, negative integers count from the end)'['a', {'b':1}]'::jsonb #- '{1,b}'

Note: The || operator concatenates the elements at the top level of each of its operands. It does not operate recursively. For example, if both operands are objects with a common key field name, the value of the field in the result will just be the value from the right hand operand.

Table 9-42 shows the functions that are available for creating json and jsonb values. (There are no equivalent functions for jsonb, of the row_to_json and array_to_json functions. However, the to_jsonb function supplies much the same functionality as these functions would.)

Table 9-42. JSON Creation Functions

FunctionDescriptionExampleExample Result

to_json(anyelement)

to_jsonb(anyelement)

Returns the value as json or jsonb. Arrays and composites are converted (recursively) to arrays and objects; otherwise, if there is a cast from the type to json, the cast function will be used to perform the conversion; otherwise, a scalar value is produced. For any scalar type other than a number, a Boolean, or a null value, the text representation will be used, in such a fashion that it is a valid json or jsonb value.to_json('Fred said 'Hi.'::text)'Fred said 'Hi.'
array_to_json(anyarray [, pretty_bool])Returns the array as a JSON array. A PostgreSQL multidimensional array becomes a JSON array of arrays. Line feeds will be added between dimension-1 elements if pretty_bool is true.array_to_json('{{1,5},{99,100}}'::int[])[[1,5],[99,100]]
row_to_json(record [, pretty_bool])Returns the row as a JSON object. Line feeds will be added between level-1 elements if pretty_bool is true.row_to_json(row(1,'foo')){'f1':1,'f2':'foo'}

json_build_array(VARIADIC 'any')

jsonb_build_array(VARIADIC 'any')

Builds a possibly-heterogeneously-typed JSON array out of a variadic argument list.json_build_array(1,2,'3',4,5)[1, 2, '3', 4, 5]

json_build_object(VARIADIC 'any')

jsonb_build_object(VARIADIC 'any')

Builds a JSON object out of a variadic argument list. By convention, the argument list consists of alternating keys and values.json_build_object('foo',1,'bar',2){'foo': 1, 'bar': 2}

json_object(text[])

jsonb_object(text[])

Builds a JSON object out of a text array. The array must have either exactly one dimension with an even number of members, in which case they are taken as alternating key/value pairs, or two dimensions such that each inner array has exactly two elements, which are taken as a key/value pair.

json_object('{a, 1, b, 'def', c, 3.5}')

json_object('{{a, 1},{b, 'def'},{c, 3.5}}')

{'a': '1', 'b': 'def', 'c': '3.5'}

json_object(keys text[], values text[])

jsonb_object(keys text[], values text[])

This form of json_object takes keys and values pairwise from two separate arrays. In all other respects it is identical to the one-argument form.json_object('{a, b}', '{1,2}'){'a': '1', 'b': '2'}

Note:array_to_json and row_to_json have the same behavior as to_json except for offering a pretty-printing option. The behavior described for to_json likewise applies to each individual value converted by the other JSON creation functions.

Note: The hstore extension has a cast from hstore to json, so that hstore values converted via the JSON creation functions will be represented as JSON objects, not as primitive string values.

Table 9-43 shows the functions that are available for processing json and jsonb values.

Table 9-43. JSON Processing Functions

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FunctionReturn TypeDescriptionExampleExample Result

json_array_length(json)

jsonb_array_length(jsonb)

intReturns the number of elements in the outermost JSON array.json_array_length('[1,2,3,{'f1':1,'f2':[5,6]},4]')5

json_each(json)

jsonb_each(jsonb)

setof key text, value json

setof key text, value jsonb

Expands the outermost JSON object into a set of key/value pairs.select * from json_each('{'a':'foo', 'b':'bar'}')

json_each_text(json)

jsonb_each_text(jsonb)

setof key text, value textExpands the outermost JSON object into a set of key/value pairs. The returned values will be of type text.select * from json_each_text('{'a':'foo', 'b':'bar'}')

json_extract_path(from_json json, VARIADIC path_elems text[])

jsonb_extract_path(from_json jsonb, VARIADIC path_elems text[])

json

jsonb

Returns JSON value pointed to by path_elems (equivalent to #> operator).json_extract_path('{'f2':{'f3':1},'f4':{'f5':99,'f6':'foo'}}','f4'){'f5':99,'f6':'foo'}

json_extract_path_text(from_json json, VARIADIC path_elems text[])

jsonb_extract_path_text(from_json jsonb, VARIADIC path_elems text[])

textReturns JSON value pointed to by path_elems as text (equivalent to #>> operator).json_extract_path_text('{'f2':{'f3':1},'f4':{'f5':99,'f6':'foo'}}','f4', 'f6')foo

json_object_keys(json)

jsonb_object_keys(jsonb)

setof textReturns set of keys in the outermost JSON object.json_object_keys('{'f1':'abc','f2':{'f3':'a', 'f4':'b'}}')

json_populate_record(base anyelement, from_json json)

jsonb_populate_record(base anyelement, from_json jsonb)

anyelementExpands the object in from_json to a row whose columns match the record type defined by base (see note below).select * from json_populate_record(null::myrowtype, '{'a':1,'b':2}')

json_populate_recordset(base anyelement, from_json json)

jsonb_populate_recordset(base anyelement, from_json jsonb)

setof anyelementExpands the outermost array of objects in from_json to a set of rows whose columns match the record type defined by base (see note below).select * from json_populate_recordset(null::myrowtype, '[{'a':1,'b':2},{'a':3,'b':4}]')

json_array_elements(json)

jsonb_array_elements(jsonb)

setof json

setof jsonb

Expands a JSON array to a set of JSON values.select * from json_array_elements('[1,true, [2,false]]')

json_array_elements_text(json)

jsonb_array_elements_text(jsonb)

setof textExpands a JSON array to a set of text values.select * from json_array_elements_text('['foo', 'bar']')

json_typeof(json)

jsonb_typeof(jsonb)

textReturns the type of the outermost JSON value as a text string. Possible types are object, array, string, number, boolean, and null.json_typeof('-123.4')number

json_to_record(json)

jsonb_to_record(jsonb)

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recordBuilds an arbitrary record from a JSON object (see note below). As with all functions returning record, the caller must explicitly define the structure of the record with an AS clause.select * from json_to_record('{'a':1,'b':[1,2,3],'c':'bar'}') as x(a int, b text, d text)

json_to_recordset(json)

jsonb_to_recordset(jsonb)

setof recordBuilds an arbitrary set of records from a JSON array of objects (see note below). As with all functions returning record, the caller must explicitly define the structure of the record with an AS clause.select * from json_to_recordset('[{'a':1,'b':'foo'},{'a':'2','c':'bar'}]') as x(a int, b text);

json_strip_nulls(from_json json)

jsonb_strip_nulls(from_json jsonb)

json

jsonb

Returns from_json with all object fields that have null values omitted. Other null values are untouched.json_strip_nulls('[{'f1':1,'f2':null},2,null,3]')[{'f1':1},2,null,3]

jsonb_set(target jsonb, path text[], new_value jsonb [, create_missing boolean])

jsonb

Returns target with the section designated by path replaced by new_value, or with new_value added if create_missing is true (default is true) and the item designated by path does not exist. As with the path oriented operators, negative integers that appear in path count from the end of JSON arrays.

jsonb_set('[{'f1':1,'f2':null},2,null,3]', '{0,f1}','[2,3,4]', false)

jsonb_set('[{'f1':1,'f2':null},2]', '{0,f3}','[2,3,4]')

[{'f1':[2,3,4],'f2':null},2,null,3]

[{'f1': 1, 'f2': null, 'f3': [2, 3, 4]}, 2]

jsonb_pretty(from_json jsonb)

text

Returns from_json as indented JSON text.jsonb_pretty('[{'f1':1,'f2':null},2,null,3]')

Note: Many of these functions and operators will convert Unicode escapes in JSON strings to the appropriate single character. This is a non-issue if the input is type jsonb, because the conversion was already done; but for json input, this may result in throwing an error, as noted in Section 8.14.

Note: While the examples for the functions json_populate_record, json_populate_recordset, json_to_record and json_to_recordset use constants, the typical use would be to reference a table in the FROM clause and use one of its json or jsonb columns as an argument to the function. Extracted key values can then be referenced in other parts of the query, like WHERE clauses and target lists. Extracting multiple values in this way can improve performance over extracting them separately with per-key operators.

JSON keys are matched to identical column names in the target row type. JSON type coercion for these functions is 'best effort' and may not result in desired values for some types. JSON fields that do not appear in the target row type will be omitted from the output, and target columns that do not match any JSON field will simply be NULL.

Note: All the items of the path parameter of jsonb_set must be present in the target, unless create_missing is true, in which case all but the last item must be present. If these conditions are not met the target is returned unchanged.

If the last path item is an object key, it will be created if it is absent and given the new value. If the last path item is an array index, if it is positive the item to set is found by counting from the left, and if negative by counting from the right - -1 designates the rightmost element, and so on. If the item is out of the range -array_length . array_length -1, and create_missing is true, the new value is added at the beginning of the array if the item is negative, and at the end of the array if it is positive.

Note: The json_typeof function's null return value should not be confused with a SQL NULL. While calling json_typeof('null'::json) will return null, calling json_typeof(NULL::json) will return a SQL NULL.

Note: If the argument to json_strip_nulls contains duplicate field names in any object, the result could be semantically somewhat different, depending on the order in which they occur. This is not an issue for jsonb_strip_nulls since jsonb values never have duplicate object field names.

See also Section 9.20 for the aggregate function json_agg which aggregates record values as JSON, and the aggregate function json_object_agg which aggregates pairs of values into a JSON object, and their jsonb equivalents, jsonb_agg and jsonb_object_agg.